{ "type": "URL", "indicator": "http://developer.Apple.com/tools/creatingdocsetswithdoxygen.html", "general": { "sections": [ "general", "url_list", "http_scans", "screenshot" ], "indicator": "http://developer.Apple.com/tools/creatingdocsetswithdoxygen.html", "type": "url", "type_title": "URL", "validation": [], "base_indicator": { "id": 2943185554, "indicator": "http://developer.Apple.com/tools/creatingdocsetswithdoxygen.html", "type": "URL", "title": "", "description": "", "content": "", "access_type": "public", "access_reason": "" }, "pulse_info": { "count": 5, "pulses": [ { "id": "6995e22d28c9e9d76f0dec64", "name": "Not So Awesome Fonts", "description": "Researchers: Further review warranted on awesome fonts.", "modified": "2026-04-24T13:20:53", "created": "2026-02-18T16:00:45.725000", "tags": [], "references": [], "public": 1, "adversary": "", "targeted_countries": [], "malware_families": [], "attack_ids": [], "industries": [], "TLP": "green", "cloned_from": null, "export_count": 1, "upvotes_count": 0, "downvotes_count": 0, "votes_count": 0, "locked": false, "pulse_source": "web", "validator_count": 0, "comment_count": 0, "follower_count": 0, "vote": 0, "author": { "username": "msudosos", "id": "381696", "avatar_url": "https://otx.alienvault.com/assets/images/default-avatar.png", "is_subscribed": false, "is_following": false }, "indicator_type_counts": { "domain": 123, "FileHash-MD5": 10, "FileHash-SHA1": 12, "FileHash-SHA256": 223, "email": 5, "hostname": 223, "URL": 565, "CVE": 30, "SSLCertFingerprint": 2 }, "indicator_count": 1193, "is_author": false, "is_subscribing": null, "subscriber_count": 68, "modified_text": "39 days ago ", "is_modified": true, "groups": [], "in_group": false, "threat_hunter_scannable": true, "threat_hunter_has_agents": 1, "related_indicator_type": "URL", "related_indicator_is_active": 1 }, { "id": "6992bae83a5988dff8311490", "name": "Distributed Credential Exhaustion & C2 Orchestration via Golang-Based StealthWorker (ELF.Agent-VW)", "description": "Researcher credit: msudosos, level blue platform----\nThis artifact represents a high-integrity StealthWorker (GoBrut) botnet agent, architected as a statically linked, stripped 32-bit ELF binary to ensure cross-platform environmental independence. The sample utilizes XOR 0x20-encoded JavaScript payloads and String.fromCharCode obfuscation to mask its internal logic and bypass heuristic-based memory scanners. [User Notes] Its operational core is a multi-threaded service bruter targeting SSH, MySQL, and CMS backends, leveraging a massive infrastructure of 1,834 domains and 797 unique IPv4 endpoints for decentralized Command & Control (C2). Network telemetry confirms the use of ICMP and HTTP-based beaconing, indicating a sophisticated retry logic designed to maintain persistence across diverse network topologies. With a malicious file score of 10, this binary serves as a primary vector for large-scale credential harvesting and the subsequent integration of Linux infrastructure into global botnet clusters.", "modified": "2026-04-24T13:20:48.450000", "created": "2026-02-16T06:36:24.788000", "tags": [ "Obfuscation: XOR-based String Encryption (0x20)", "T1110.001 (Brute Force: Password Guessing)", "Primary Hash (SHA256): cd3989830da99a69380901769fd78902efb3cd8ba", "MD5 Hash: f8add7e7161460ea2b1970cf4ca535bf", "#PotentialUS-Origin_FalseFlag_Obfuscation" ], "references": [ "Primary Hash (SHA256): cd3989830da99a69380901769fd78902efb3cd8ba5c9390e94bd4333b7fad186", "Obfuscation: XOR-based String Encryption (0x20)", "T1110.001 (Brute Force: Password Guessing)", "This ELF 32-bit LSB artifact is a sophisticated GoBrut/StealthWorker agent, compiled via Golang 1.10 and stripped to obfuscate its high-velocity service-bruting logic. VirusTotal confirms a critical threat profile with 44/65 security vendors flagging the file, which leverages a unique Go BuildID (nGYES3pajdOm...) and a Telfhash (t1f303a0...) for architectural fingerprinting. The binary orchestrates decentralized Command and Control (C2) through an expansive infrastructure of 797 unique IPs and 1,834 domains", "Pivot-Ready Indicators (IOCs) Go BuildID: nGYES3pajdOmKy1i6Ghh/KO9ydOtZpXtoKtB0KHE-/iisNoniHgTbj_cV6M-uk/XmMYzkBiZs8NXMRZYTiT Telfhash: t1f303a0b3055d54e8b7f08907c7af7624cef6e0f726d078f169e278d09a72c826626874 Imphash: 9698f46495ce9401c8bcaf9a2afe1598 Vhash: 1e53f1a1b59ecb93f821c74b25d81e9f", "Researcher msudosos posits a strategic exploitation of Root Certificate Validation Failures, where the adversary leverages an expired trust chain to bypass heuristic security filters and establish persistence.", "his technique allows the GoBrut/StealthWorker agent to circumvent automated revocation checks, enabling its decentralized C2 infrastructure to recruit Linux hosts via high-velocity credential exhaustion.", "The local environment exhibits advanced telemetry suppression within specialized skim memory regions, effectively neutralizing standard DMARC validation and Microsoft-integrated defensive protocols.", "By maintaining a hollowed root posture, the sample facilitates persistent, low-signal synchronization with external cloud infrastructure while bypassing traditional heuristic trust-chain verification.", "The domain prioritywirreles.com (registered via NAMECHEAP INC) shows a 4/93 detection ratio, confirming it is a live but \"low-noise\" C2 node used to avoid broad-spectrum blacklisting", "", "The environment leverages prioritywirreles.com as a high-fidelity DGA-derived C2 node, utilizing its historical resolution to Russian-hosted IP space (194.61.24.231) to maintain persistent Stealthworker botnet synchronization.", "By operating through WhoisGuard-protected infrastructure and exploiting XOR 0x20 obfuscation, the adversary effectively suppresses telemetry into skim space, successfully bypassing DMARC and Microsoft-integrated trust-chain validation.", "The pivot from cd398983... to this domain confirms a multi-year campaign (2019\u20132023) utilizing Namecheap-registered infrastructure to orchestrate wide-scale T1110.001 brute-force operations while bypassing standard PKI expiration checks.", "LBresearcher: msudosos notes: The campaign's use of T1110.001 (Password Guessing) is specifically tuned to exhaust credentials across SSH, MySQL, and CMS backends, effectively recruiting server infrastructure into a global \"zombie\" network.", "LBresearcher: msudosos notes: The threat actor maintains operational longevity by rotating through WhoisGuard-protected nodes like prioritywirreles.com, which historically resolved to Russian-hosted IP space (194.61.24.231) to obfuscate its origin.", "LBresearcher: msudosos notes: By exploiting Root Certificate Validation Failures, the StealthWorker (GoBrut) agent ensures that its 32-bit ELF binaries bypass the automated reputation checks enforced by major cloud providers.", "Monitor DGA Shifts: Track new domains registered through NAMECHEAP INC using the current WhoisGuard patterns to identify the next cluster before it goes active. Analyze Telfhash Clusters: Use the Telfhash (t1f303a0...) to pivot and find if the adversary has updated to 64-bit ELF or ARM architectures. Harden DMARC: Ensure your environment moves from \"p=none\" to \"p=reject\" to mitigate the internal spoofing loops exploited by this botnet's telemetry suppression.", "Persistent C2 Orchestration: This ELF:Agent-VW variant serves as a critical GoBrut node, utilizing XOR 0x20 obfuscation and ICMP/HTTP beaconing to maintain a persistent link across 1,834 domains and 797 unique IPs", "Researcher msudosos: This activity appears to facilitate a preliminary reconnaissance phase, possibly utilizing system commands to query /proc/cpuinfo and /proc/version for architectural profiling purposes.", "Researcher msudosos suggests the VirusTotal (Tencent HABO) behavior report may indicate a potential execution path from volatile storage at /tmp/EB93A6/996E.elf.", "Msudosos Regional Notes: While historical pivots show Russian-hosted nodes, the current dual-origin telemetry\u2014dominated by 181 United States-based endpoints\u2014strongly suggests a domestic-aligned adversary leveraging global 'grey space' to obfuscate its operational core. This massive US-centric footprint (exceeding all other regions combined) reinforces the theory of a false-flag orchestration designed to divert attribution toward foreign infrastructure while abusing legitimate Western-hosted trust chains.", "WHOIS data anchors administrative and technical operations for prioritywirreles.com in Los Angeles, CA (90064) via Namecheap infrastructure. Following its 2020 expiration, the domain has transitioned into redemptionPeriod/pendingDelete status, signaling the formal decommissioning of this C2 asset." ], "public": 1, "adversary": "StealthWorker/GoBrut (The adversary demonstrates advanced telemetry suppression within specialized s", "targeted_countries": [], "malware_families": [ { "id": "Malware Family: StealthWorker / GoBrut", "display_name": "Malware Family: StealthWorker / GoBrut", "target": "/malware/Malware Family: StealthWorker / GoBrut" }, { "id": "MD5 Hash: f8add7e7161460ea2b1970cf4ca535bf", "display_name": "MD5 Hash: f8add7e7161460ea2b1970cf4ca535bf", "target": null } ], "attack_ids": [ { "id": "T1001", "name": "Data Obfuscation", "display_name": "T1001 - Data Obfuscation" } ], "industries": [], "TLP": "green", "cloned_from": null, "export_count": 5, "upvotes_count": 0, "downvotes_count": 0, "votes_count": 0, "locked": false, "pulse_source": "web", "validator_count": 0, "comment_count": 0, "follower_count": 0, "vote": 0, "author": { "username": "msudosos", "id": "381696", "avatar_url": "https://otx.alienvault.com/assets/images/default-avatar.png", "is_subscribed": false, "is_following": false }, "indicator_type_counts": { "FileHash-MD5": 2166, "FileHash-SHA1": 2067, "FileHash-SHA256": 3371, "domain": 13295, "URL": 6860, "email": 272, "hostname": 4705, "SSLCertFingerprint": 268, "CVE": 108, "CIDR": 6 }, "indicator_count": 33118, "is_author": false, "is_subscribing": null, "subscriber_count": 83, "modified_text": "39 days ago ", "is_modified": true, "groups": [], "in_group": false, "threat_hunter_scannable": true, "threat_hunter_has_agents": 1, "related_indicator_type": "URL", "related_indicator_is_active": 1 }, { "id": "67f5555b6ce863d998e83e26", "name": "macOS Threat Infrastructure Leveraging Remote Agents via remotewd.com and rtmsprod.net", "description": "This pulse identifies an actively observed macOS-focused remote access infrastructure abusing trusted native Apple agents (ARDAgent.app, SSMenuAgent.app) and communicating with a distributed network of C2-like endpoints under domains such as remotewd.com, idsremoteurlconnectionagent.app, and rtmsprod.net.\n\nThe infrastructure is composed of dynamically generated subdomains \u2014 many in the form of device-.remotewd.com \u2014 indicative of automated deployment, system tracking, or per-host remote access configurations.\n\nAdditional indicators include HTTP/S URLs pointing directly to embedded binary paths within macOS agents, suggesting possible delivery vectors, staging, or persistence techniques.\n\nThis campaign shows signs of structured, programmatic targeting and is highly likely to be pre-operational infrastructure for wide-scale surveillance or access operations. All listed indicators should be considered high-risk. If observed in your environment, initiate a full forensic and IR process immediately.", "modified": "2025-05-11T19:03:59.885000", "created": "2025-04-08T16:56:59.641000", "tags": [ "generated from", "do not", "edit uri", "urls", "edit", "rewriteengine", "rewritecond", "rewriterule", "r301", "xml2encalias", "beralloct", "berbvarrayadd", "berbvarrayfree", "berbvdup", "berbvecadd", "berbvecfree", "berbvfree", "berdump", "berdup", "berdupbv", "laerrordomain", "laerrornoncekey", "lamechanismtree", "lacontext", "ladomainstate", "laenvironment", "lanotification", "laprivatekey", "lapublickey", "laright", "apple swift", "o librarylevel", "combine import", "foundation", "swift import", "mcpeerid", "mcsession", "property", "copyright", "protocol", "class", "bonjour", "ascii lowercase", "abc company", "section", "bonjour txt", "note", "ui element", "utf8 encoding", "nscopying", "nsdictionary", "nsstring", "mcextern", "attribute", "mcextern extern", "mcexternweak", "nsenum", "nsinteger", "mcerrorcode", "mcerrorunknown", "mcerrortimedout", "peer", "example", "bonjour apis", "stop", "tags", "session", "nsprogress", "nserror", "nsurl", "nsarray", "create", "nsuinteger", "notifies", "mcsession api", "interface", "dbictrace", "dbivporth", "dbictracelevel", "dbdtffoo", "dbihseterrchar", "dbicstate", "dbictraceflags", "provides macros", "dbi release", "only", "sqlsuccess", "odbc", "sqlok", "tim bunce", "england", "sql cli", "sql datatype", "sqlguid", "sqlwlongvarchar", "main", "beware", "sv sth", "sv dbh", "impsth", "impdbh", "sv keysv", "sv params", "sv attr", "sv attribs", "sv drh", "void", "fri jul", "mixed", "dbixsrevision", "plsvundef", "license", "spagain", "perlioprintf", "dbiclogpio", "putback", "ireland", "gnu general", "super", "magic", "dbicflags", "dbis", "svrv", "null", "imp2com", "dbicactivekids", "dbicfiadestroy", "sv h", "dbicdbistate", "code", "copy", "refer", "trace", "error", "unknown", "hookopcheckh", "startexternc", "hookopcheckcb", "userdata", "endexternc", "isinternalbuild", "kickmcxdforuid", "loadappkit", "ardconfig", "authenticator", "dsauthenticator", "dsnode", "dsrecord", "group", "hostconfig", "apfsvolumelock", "apfsvolumerole", "aoskgetosinfo", "aoskgetuserinfo", "aosaddappleid", "aosdisablepcs", "aosenablepcs", "aoslog", "aoslogforce", "aosrelaycookie", "didfailcallback", "kaosaccountkey", "kapcsbundle", "kapcspath", "kjsonextension", "apcsbucketid", "apcsreports", "apconfiguration", "apversiondata", "apversionhelper", "systemvolumesvm", "name size", "identifier", "gb disk0s3", "devdisk3", "apfs container", "scheme", "physical store", "macintosh hd", "apfs snapshot", "preboot", "refs address", "size wired", "name", "version", "uuid", "linked against", "renderer", "helper", "chrome helper", "contains", "cloud ui", "macintosh", "khtml", "gecko", "ui helper", "plugin", "service", "good", "battery power", "apfs encryption", "jumpcloud go", "chrome web", "store", "privacy badger", "flowcrypt", "encrypt gmail", "simple", "google", "b2b phone", "number", "apollo", "future", "exccrash", "sigkill", "code signature", "invalid", "sigabrt", "protonvpn", "excguard", "excbreakpoint", "sigtrap", "excbadaccess", "appl", "english", "adobe crash", "adobe", "acrobat dcadobe", "processor", "uninstaller", "assistant", "install", "cloud", "dock", "calendar", "music", "terminal", "tips", "installer", "updater", "proton", "tools", "stub", "python", "clock", "powershell", "team", "rave scout", "cookies", "public folder", "key cert", "sign", "crl sign", "root ca", "authority", "public primary", "global root", "verisign", "academic", "premium", "adaptive", "interactive", "background", "standard", "launchd sandbox", "s mdworker", "agent", "command line", "progress", "yubico", "macos13action", "disableoverride", "disableairdrop", "denyactivation", "enable", "loginwindowtext", "jumpcloud", "autoupdate", "loggingoption", "enablefirewall", "arm64e", "apple m2", "mac142", "kjqqtw7pqt", "daemon", "server", "open directory", "user", "account", "kerberos admin", "kerberos change", "device daemon", "network", "desktop", "screensaver", "bridge", "aesxtsarm", "aesecbarm", "sha512vngarmhw", "sha384vngarmhw", "sha256vngarm", "sha1vngarm", "darwin kernel", "wed mar", "wkarraycreate", "wkbooleancreate", "wkcontextcreate", "wkdatacreate", "wkdatagettypeid", "wkdoublecreate", "wkframecopyurl", "wkgettypeid", "wkimagecreate", "wkpagecandelete", "webview", "notice", "this software", "including", "but not", "limited to", "redistribution", "is provided", "by apple", "direct", "damage", "apiavailable", "webkit", "nsswiftname", "document", "a block", "as is", "hasinclude", "wkdownload", "abstract", "wkerrorcode", "wkerrorunknown", "discussion", "bool", "whether", "wkcontentworld", "wkwebview", "javascript", "nsunavailable", "vaargs", "nsswiftasync", "wkswiftasync", "wkcookiepolicy", "wkswiftuiactor", "nshttpcookie", "targetosiphone", "wknavigation", "decides", "boolean value", "apideprecated", "methodkind", "wkerrordomain", "wkscriptmessage", "promise", "fulfill", "const", "url scheme", "mark", "wkuserscript", "targetosvision", "param", "wkframeinfo", "targetosios", "pass", "window", "mime type", "link", "nsimage", "returns", "nsset", "checks", "matches", "a boolean", "defaults", "wkwebextension", "cgsize", "uiimage", "apis", "nsdate", "wkcontentmode", "wkextern", "possible", "cgfloat", "media", "cgrect", "apiunavailable", "framework", "nsswiftuiactor", "targetoswatch", "confirms", "apple upgrade", "nsstring user", "nsobject", "provider", "apple", "password", "uicontrol", "nscontrol", "asuseragerange", "check", "opaque user", "apple id", "initiate", "asauthorization", "operation", "state", "nserrorenum", "nsdata", "relying party", "asapiavailable", "perform", "realm", "http response", "authorization", "http", "oauth", "saml", "a byte", "nsdata userid", "relying", "a string", "nsdata readdata", "bool didwrite", "a cose", "nsdata first", "nsdata second", "nsstring name", "bool appid", "targetosxr", "nsstring appid", "bluetooth", "mdm profile", "nsurl url", "returns yes", "a state", "a json", "web token", "private seckeys", "enables", "keychain", "asswiftsendable", "cose algorithm", "ecdsa", "sha256", "cose curve", "p256", "nullable", "bool success", "remove", "call", "complete", "initializes", "time code", "extensions", "asextern extern", "asextern", "nsswiftsendable", "prepare", "list", "nsextension", "attempt", "nsstring label", "creates", "nsstring code", "a key", "webauthn", "nssecurecoding", "input", "output", "initialize", "nsinteger rank", "json", "inputs", "hash", "nsstring origin", "settings app", "extension", "https urls", "safari", "cancel", "nsuuid uuid", "r uftpexu", "nsmutabledata", "vnsdate", "mprcjy", "postfix", "domain", "canonical", "tables", "ldap", "post", "replace user", "address", "wietse venema", "bugs", "mail", "aliases", "postfix version", "restrict", "sample", "person", "basic system", "general", "reject empty", "postfix smtp", "ipv6 host", "reject", "reply", "access", "prior", "hold", "info", "mail delivery", "charset", "system", "report", "postfix dsn", "mail returned", "this", "generic", "smtp", "isp mail", "mime", "headerchecks", "readme files", "filters while", "posix", "empty", "body", "write", "date", "smtp server", "specify", "mx host", "unix password", "user unknown", "pathbin", "postfix queue", "unix", "cyrus", "path", "uucp", "shell", "local", "program", "agreement", "contributor", "recipient", "contribution", "the program", "corporation", "contributors", "product x", "as expressly", "arch", "arch x8664", "pipe wall", "wimplicit", "ranlib", "warn", "switch", "start", "systype", "outlook", "postfix master", "begin", "server admin", "mail backend", "modern smtp", "iana", "many", "postfix pipe", "recent cyrus", "amos gouaux", "old example", "or even", "lutz jaenicke", "technology", "cottbus", "germany", "openssl package", "openssl project", "europe", "remember that", "use of", "file", "update", "usrsbin", "file format", "no group", "daemondirectory", "deliver mail", "transport", "description", "result format", "virtual", "virtual alias", "redirect mail", "relocated", "matches user", "synopsis", "lastname", "firstname", "apple computer", "tcpip", "supported", "quantum", "facility", "level", "level info", "broadcast", "ignore", "rules", "sender", "automounter map", "use directory", "get home", "home autohome", "true", "t option", "mount", "force", "environment", "automountdenv", "promptcommand", "shellsessiondir", "histfile", "histfilesize", "myvar", "histtimeformat", "arrange", "bashrematch", "tell", "ps1h", "make bash", "s checkwinsize", "etcbashrc", "termprogram", "inpck", "nnnbaud", "berkeley", "parity", "pc entry", "pass8", "parenb istrip", "fixed speed", "entry", "clocal mode", "maxhistsize", "promptmode", "verbose end", "etcirbrcloaded", "default", "setup", "history file", "kernel", "readline", "jabber", "group database", "dovecot", "postfix scsd", "networkd", "searchpaths", "freebsd", "tmpdir", "fcodes", "prunepaths", "vartmp", "prunedirs", "filesystems", "nroff", "manpath", "uncomment", "manpager", "whatispager", "manlocale", "every", "manpath optman", "maybe", "troff", "status mailfrom", "returnpath via", "pidfile", "flags", "bcgjnuwz", "bin usrsbin", "sbin", "default pf", "care", "audio", "user database", "unix copy", "gate daemon", "bashno", "r etcbashrc", "rfc1323", "m1460", "macos x", "signature", "linux", "opera", "xp sp1", "windows sp1", "nmap syn", "m265", "synack", "mind", "macos", "warp", "ipv6", "internet", "icmp", "cisco", "monitoring", "argus", "chaos", "rsvp", "encapsulation", "aris", "isis", "netbootmount", "netbootshadow", "computername", "localonly", "localnetbootdir", "netboot", "define", "purpose", "networkonly", "waiting", "networkup", "term", "devnull", "common setup", "configure", "set command", "dns hostname", "dns query", "see also", "kame", "sunnet manager", "rpcsrc", "netlicense", "ftpd", "bindash binksh", "binsh bintcsh", "jumpcloud ldap", "smb2", "security", "workgroup", "standalone", "samba server", "enforce", "smb3", "example share", "improper use", "ctrlc", "none", "fax reception", "hardwired", "0007", "must", "visudo", "blocksize", "charset lang", "language lcall", "lines columns", "lscolors", "sshauthsock", "orion", "setup user", "home", "zdotdir", "delete", "beep", "vendor", "kf10", "kf11", "kf12", "kf13", "backspace", "insert", "resume", "termsessionid", "savehist", "sharehistory", "h do", "volume", "de l", "l uuid", "m tra", "n est", "suuid", "prfen", "fusion", "syst", "look", "executant", "alla", "over", "test", "overie", "zapis", "rapid", "disco usa", "de macos", "nie s", "i denne", "adgjmpsvx", "diskgthis disk", "01k8x j", "34disk", "levy kytt", "dict", "array", "plist", "apple root", "code signing", "inode64r", "xofkoxzh", "integer", "doctype", "brain", "abcd", "ogwo", "boaw", "cobwa", "uhawavauatsh", "ip bitmap", "foewdc", "could", "ip block", "funcs", "cogwo", "trash", "double", "hunt", "affa", "carr", "crypto", "docwbac", "q1b0", "q1 0", "h h5", "docwbag", "slice", "format", "zero", "alfa", "hera", "lelei", "hehe", "hisp", "fail", "katy", "zakk", "eodwcbgao", "hhk8di", "alma", "topo", "open", "huhk", "piper", "hehx", "eh ui", "h20hph", "hif h", "hmhhihqhyla hq", "r11b0", "target", "uus10u", "hifh", "loghookfailed", "loghook", "hell", "q1b 0", "f duh", "aqw1", "1160" ], "references": [ "index.html.en", "bind.html", "caching.html", "BUILDING", "configuring.html", "content-negotiation.html", "custom-error.html", "convenience.map", "LDAP.tbd", "lber.h", "ldap.h", "LocalAuthentication.tbd", "arm64e-apple-macos.swiftinterface", "x86_64-apple-ios-macabi.swiftinterface", "arm64e-apple-ios-macabi.swiftinterface", "x86_64-apple-macos.swiftinterface", "MultipeerConnectivity.tbd", "module.modulemap", "MCNearbyServiceAdvertiser.h", "MCPeerID.h", "MCError.h", "MCNearbyServiceBrowser.h", "MCAdvertiserAssistant.h", "MultipeerConnectivity.apinotes", "MultipeerConnectivity.h", "MCSession.h", 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"master.cf.default", "main.cf.proto", "master.cf.proto", "master.cf", "TLS_LICENSE", "postfix-files", "transport", "virtual", "relocated", "afpovertcp.cfg", "asl.conf", "auto_home", "auto_master", "autofs.conf", "bashrc_Apple_Terminal", "com.apple.screensharing.agent.launchd", "bashrc", "command_args.json", "csh.cshrc", "csh.login", "find.codes", "csh.logout", "ftpusers", "gettytab", "irbrc", "kern_loader.conf", "group", "locate.rc", "man.conf", "mail.rc", "manpaths", "networks", "nfs.conf", "newsyslog.conf", "ntp_opendirectory.conf", "ntp.conf", "notify.conf", "paths", "pf.conf", "passwd", "profile", "pf.os", "protocols", "rc.netboot", "rc.common", "rmtab", "resolv.conf", "rtadvd.conf", "rpc", "shells", "smb.conf", "sudo_lecture", "ttys", "syslog.conf", "xtab", "sudoers", "zprofile", "zshrc", "zshrc_Apple_Terminal", "CodeResources", "version.plist", "Info.plist" ], "public": 1, "adversary": "DragonForce Malaysia Hacker Group", "targeted_countries": [], "malware_families": [ { "id": "Lastname", "display_name": "Lastname", "target": null }, { "id": "Firstname", "display_name": "Firstname", "target": null } ], "attack_ids": [ { "id": "T1040", "name": "Network Sniffing", "display_name": "T1040 - Network Sniffing" }, { "id": "T1027", "name": "Obfuscated Files or Information", "display_name": "T1027 - Obfuscated Files or Information" }, { "id": "T1056", "name": "Input Capture", "display_name": "T1056 - Input Capture" }, { "id": "T1090", "name": "Proxy", "display_name": "T1090 - Proxy" }, { "id": "T1547", "name": "Boot or Logon Autostart Execution", "display_name": "T1547 - Boot or Logon Autostart Execution" }, { "id": "T1106", "name": "Native API", "display_name": "T1106 - Native API" }, { "id": "T1176", "name": "Browser Extensions", "display_name": "T1176 - Browser Extensions" }, { "id": "T1574", "name": "Hijack Execution Flow", "display_name": "T1574 - Hijack Execution Flow" }, { "id": "T1140", "name": "Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information", "display_name": "T1140 - Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information" }, { "id": "T1071", "name": "Application Layer Protocol", "display_name": "T1071 - Application Layer Protocol" }, { "id": "T1566", "name": "Phishing", "display_name": "T1566 - Phishing" }, { "id": "T1059", "name": "Command and Scripting Interpreter", "display_name": "T1059 - Command and Scripting Interpreter" } ], "industries": [], "TLP": "white", "cloned_from": null, "export_count": 66, "upvotes_count": 0, "downvotes_count": 0, "votes_count": 0, "locked": false, "pulse_source": "web", "validator_count": 0, "comment_count": 0, "follower_count": 0, "vote": 0, "author": { "username": "ilyailya", "id": "298851", "avatar_url": "https://otx.alienvault.com/assets/images/default-avatar.png", "is_subscribed": false, "is_following": false }, "indicator_type_counts": { "hostname": 4449, "domain": 3847, "URL": 14263, "FileHash-SHA256": 2356, "FileHash-MD5": 223, "FileHash-SHA1": 523, "email": 223, "CVE": 40, "CIDR": 12, "SSLCertFingerprint": 302 }, "indicator_count": 26238, "is_author": false, "is_subscribing": null, "subscriber_count": 37, "modified_text": "386 days ago ", "is_modified": true, "groups": [], "in_group": false, "threat_hunter_scannable": true, "threat_hunter_has_agents": 1, "related_indicator_type": "URL", "related_indicator_is_active": 1 }, { "id": "67f33233092ab19b74879403", "name": "MacOS M2 Chip Infiltration: Game Center & XBOX Pod Game & Chat Server", "description": "pulse explores a variety of files, objects, and functions that could be associated with different system components, libraries, and protocols. It highlights a wide range of potential vulnerabilities that may exist in software related to system functions, APIs, data handling, and device interactions, including issues in devices like game controllers, HID devices, and platform-specific services (such as Apple and Android). The pulse references several components across different platforms (macOS, iOS, ARM architectures, and others), with a focus on low-level code, encryption libraries, system utilities, and network protocols like TCP, IP, and Bluetooth. The identified vulnerabilities could involve buffer overflows, deprecated functions, improper memory handling, and potential exploit vectors related to system security, performance, and integrity.", "modified": "2025-05-07T02:03:20.735000", "created": "2025-04-07T02:02:27.322000", "tags": [ "helper macro", "param", "param inccache", "kerberos", "ccache", "api function", "ccapi", "api version", "param ioccache", "ccacheserver", "win32", "null", "code", "win64", "error", "union", "ccapideprecated", "ccacheapi", "ccapiv2h", "apple", "export", "united", "ccache api", "cplusplus", "x8664", "typedef", "patheq", "none", "popen", "terminate", "false", "winenv", "winexe", "frozen", "winservice", "python", "posixthreads", "pyhavecondvar", "ntthreads", "vista", "pyemulatedwincv", "ntddivista", "semaphore", "pycondt", "win7", "pybuildcore", "fall", "copyright", "technology", "all rights", "reserved", "america", "government", "within that", "klprincipal", "klloginoptions", "inpassword", 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"nsswiftasync", "wkswiftasync", "wkcookiepolicy", "nshttpcookie", "whether", "wknavigation", "wkdownload", "decides", "mime type", "wkscriptmessage", "wkframeinfo", "information", "url scheme", "wkcontentmode", "wkuserscript", "wkextern", "media", "promise", "fulfill", "cgfloat", "targetoswatch", "sign", "password", "provider", "uicontrol", "nscontrol", "opaque user", "apple id", "nsstring user", "asuseragerange", "initiate", "asauthorization", "confirms", "apple upgrade", "nserrorenum", "operation", "relying party", "targetosvision", "a byte", "nsdata userid", "relying", "a string", "asapiavailable", "http response", "authorization", "oauth", "saml", "nsdata readdata", "bool didwrite", "a cose", "nsstring name", "bool appid", "targetosxr", "a state", "a json", "web token", "private seckeys", "nsstring appid", "mdm profile", "nsurl url", "returns yes", "lacontext", "asswiftsendable", "keychain", "cose algorithm", "ecdsa", "sha256", "cose curve", "p256", "nsinteger rank", "enables", 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"connect", "nsinteger value", "load", "gktransporttype", "nsstring title", "loads array", "localized", "gkmatch", "gkmatchrequest", "gkinvite", "gksession", "gksession api", "gamekit", "asynchronously", "welcome", "nstimeinterval", "delegate", "delivery", "gksenddatamode", "gksessionmode", "gkphotosize", "callbacks", "gkmatchdelegate", "gksavedgame", "default value", "gksessionerror", "gkvoicechat", "participant", "voice chat", "clienta" ], "references": [ "CredentialsCache.h", "CredentialsCache2.h", "config.xml", "popen_spawn_win32.py", "pycore_condvar.h", "Kerberos.h", "KerberosLogin.h", "plugin.js", "krb5.h", "MultipeerConnectivity.tbd", "MCBrowserViewController.h", "MCNearbyServiceAdvertiser.h", "MCError.h", "MCAdvertiserAssistant.h", "MCNearbyServiceBrowser.h", "MultipeerConnectivity.apinotes", "MultipeerConnectivity.h", "MCSession.h", "MCPeerID.h", "canvas.html", "capture_0.bundle.js", "capture_resize.js", "GCRacingWheelInput.h", "GCSyntheticDeviceKeys.h", "GCSwitchPositionInput.h", "GCSteeringWheelElement.h", "GCSwitchElement.h", "GCTouchedStateInput.h", "GCXboxGamepad.h", "GCTypes.h", "GCRelativeInput.h", "GameController.h", "GCAxis2DInput.h", "GCAxisElement.h", "GCAxisInput.h", "GCButtonElement.h", "GCController.h", "GCColor.h", "GCControllerAxisInput.h", "GCControllerDirectionPad.h", "GCControllerInput.h", "GCControllerElement.h", "GCControllerTouchpad.h", "GCDevice.h", "GCDeviceBattery.h", "GCDeviceCursor.h", "GCDeviceHaptics.h", "GCDeviceLight.h", "GCDevicePhysicalInputState.h", "GCDevicePhysicalInputStateDiff.h", "GCDirectionalGamepad.h", "GCDirectionPadElement.h", "GCDevicePhysicalInput.h", "GCDualSenseAdaptiveTrigger.h", "GCDualSenseGamepad.h", "GCDualShockGamepad.h", "GCEventViewController.h", "GCExtendedGamepadSnapshot.h", "GCExtern.h", "GCExtendedGamepad.h", "GCGamepadSnapshot.h", "GCGearShifterElement.h", "GCGamepad.h", "GCKeyboard.h", "GCInputNames.h", "GCControllerButtonInput.h", "GCKeyNames.h", "GCKeyboardInput.h", "GCKeyCodes.h", "GCLinearInput.h", "GCMotion.h", "GCMouse.h", "GCMouseInput.h", "GCMicroGamepadSnapshot.h", "GCPhysicalInputElement.h", "GCMicroGamepad.h", "GCPhysicalInputProfile.h", "GCPhysicalInputSource.h", "GCPressedStateInput.h", "GCProductCategories.h", "GCRacingWheel.h", "GameController.tbd", "arm64e-apple-macos.swiftinterface", "x86_64-apple-macos.swiftinterface", "module.modulemap", "com_err.h", "gssapi_generic.h", "locate_plugin.h", "profile.h", "gssapi_krb5.h", "preauth_plugin.h", "gssapi.h", "alc.h", "oalStaticBufferExtension.h", "oalMacOSX_OALExtensions.h", "OpenAL.h", "al.h", "OpenAL.tbd", "IOUSBHost.tbd", "IOUSBHostCIEndpointStateMachine.h", "IOUSBHostCIControllerStateMachine.h", "IOUSBHost.h", "IOUSBHostCIPortStateMachine.h", "IOUSBHostCIDeviceStateMachine.h", "IOUSBHostControllerInterfaceHelpers.h", "IOUSBHostDevice.h", "IOUSBHostControllerInterface.h", "IOUSBHostDefinitions.h", "IOUSBHostInterface.h", "IOUSBHostIOSource.h", "AppleUSBDescriptorParsing.h", 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"WKWebViewConfiguration.h", "WKWebView.h", "WKScriptMessageHandlerWithReply.h", "WKWindowFeatures.h", "WKDownloadDelegate.h", "ASAccountAuthenticationModificationController.h", "ASAccountAuthenticationModificationViewController.h", "ASAuthorization.h", "ASAuthorizationAppleIDButton.h", "ASAccountAuthenticationModificationRequest.h", "ASAuthorizationAppleIDProvider.h", "ASAuthorizationAppleIDRequest.h", "ASAuthorizationAppleIDCredential.h", "ASAuthorizationController.h", "ASAuthorizationCredential.h", "ASAccountAuthenticationModificationExtensionContext.h", "ASAuthorizationError.h", "ASAuthorizationCustomMethod.h", "ASAuthorizationPasswordRequest.h", "ASAuthorizationOpenIDRequest.h", "ASAuthorizationPlatformPublicKeyCredentialDescriptor.h", "ASAuthorizationPlatformPublicKeyCredentialProvider.h", "ASAccountAuthenticationModificationReplacePasswordWithSignInWithAppleRequest.h", "ASAccountAuthenticationModificationUpgradePasswordToStrongPasswordRequest.h", 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"ASCredentialIdentityStore.h", "ASAuthorizationWebBrowserSecurityKeyPublicKeyCredentialProvider.h", "ASCredentialProviderExtensionContext.h", "ASCredentialProviderViewController.h", "ASAuthorizationSecurityKeyPublicKeyCredentialRegistrationRequest.h", "ASCredentialServiceIdentifier.h", "ASExtensionErrors.h", "ASAuthorizationProviderExtensionAuthorizationRequest.h", "ASCredentialRequest.h", "ASAuthorizationWebBrowserPlatformPublicKeyCredentialProvider.h", "ASPasskeyAssertionCredential.h", "ASPasskeyCredentialRequest.h", "ASPasskeyCredentialRequestParameters.h", "ASCredentialIdentityStoreState.h", "ASPasskeyRegistrationCredential.h", "ASPasswordCredential.h", "ASPublicKeyCredential.h", "ASPasskeyCredentialIdentity.h", "ASPublicKeyCredentialClientData.h", "ASSettingsHelper.h", "ASWebAuthenticationSessionCallback.h", "ASWebAuthenticationSession.h", "ASWebAuthenticationSessionRequest.h", "ASWebAuthenticationSessionWebBrowserSessionManager.h", "AuthenticationServices.h", "ASFoundation.h", "AuthenticationServices.apinotes", "ASWebAuthenticationSessionWebBrowserSessionHandling.h", "ASPasswordCredentialIdentity.h", "ASPasswordCredentialRequest.h", "GameKit.apinotes", "GKAccessPoint.h", "GameKit.h", "GKAchievement.h", "GKAchievementViewController.h", "GKBasePlayer.h", "GKAchievementDescription.h", "GKChallengeEventHandler.h", "GKCloudPlayer.h", "GKChallengesViewController.h", "GKChallenge.h", "GKDefines.h", "GKError.h", "GKEventListener.h", "GKFriendRequestComposeViewController.h", "GKDialogController.h", "GKGameSessionEventListener.h", "GKGameSessionError.h", "GKGameCenterViewController.h", "GKGameSessionSharingViewController.h", "GKLeaderboardEntry.h", "GKLeaderboard.h", "GKLeaderboardScore.h", "GKGameSession.h", "GKLeaderboardSet.h", "GKLocalPlayer.h", "GKLeaderboardViewController.h", "GKMatch.h", "GKMatchmaker.h", "GKMatchmakerViewController.h", "GKPeerPickerController.h", "GKNotificationBanner.h", "GKPublicConstants.h", "GKPlayer.h", "GKPublicProtocols.h", "GKSavedGameListener.h", "GKScore.h", "GKSessionError.h", "GKVoiceChat.h", "GKTurnBasedMatchmakerViewController.h", "GKSession.h", "GKTurnBasedMatch.h", "GKSavedGame.h", "GKVoiceChatService.h" ], "public": 1, "adversary": "Turla Group, FIN7, APT34, APT28, DragonForce Malaysia Hacker Group, Indonesia Islamic Warriors Counc", "targeted_countries": [ "United States of America", "India", "Australia" ], "malware_families": [ { "id": "OSAtomic", "display_name": "OSAtomic", "target": null }, { "id": "OSReturn", "display_name": "OSReturn", "target": null }, { "id": "Ver", "display_name": "Ver", "target": null }, { "id": "Internet", "display_name": "Internet", "target": null } ], "attack_ids": [ { "id": "T1140", "name": "Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information", "display_name": "T1140 - Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information" }, { "id": "T1123", "name": "Audio Capture", "display_name": "T1123 - Audio Capture" }, { "id": "T1070", "name": "Indicator Removal on Host", "display_name": "T1070 - Indicator Removal on Host" }, { "id": "T1056", "name": "Input Capture", "display_name": "T1056 - Input Capture" }, { "id": "T1027", "name": "Obfuscated Files or Information", "display_name": "T1027 - Obfuscated Files or Information" }, { "id": "T1095", "name": "Non-Application Layer Protocol", "display_name": "T1095 - Non-Application Layer Protocol" }, { "id": "T1547", "name": "Boot or Logon Autostart Execution", "display_name": "T1547 - Boot or Logon Autostart Execution" }, { "id": "T1119", "name": "Automated Collection", "display_name": "T1119 - Automated Collection" }, { "id": "T1562", "name": "Impair Defenses", "display_name": "T1562 - Impair Defenses" }, { "id": "T1016", "name": "System Network Configuration Discovery", "display_name": "T1016 - System Network Configuration Discovery" }, { "id": "T1574", "name": "Hijack Execution Flow", "display_name": "T1574 - Hijack Execution Flow" }, { "id": "T1055", "name": "Process Injection", "display_name": "T1055 - Process Injection" }, { "id": "T1049", "name": "System Network Connections Discovery", "display_name": "T1049 - System Network Connections Discovery" }, { "id": "T1573", "name": "Encrypted Channel", "display_name": "T1573 - Encrypted Channel" }, { "id": "T1553", "name": "Subvert Trust Controls", "display_name": "T1553 - Subvert Trust Controls" }, { "id": "T1010", "name": "Application Window Discovery", "display_name": "T1010 - Application Window Discovery" }, { "id": "T1112", "name": "Modify Registry", "display_name": "T1112 - Modify Registry" } ], "industries": [], "TLP": "white", "cloned_from": null, "export_count": 39, "upvotes_count": 0, "downvotes_count": 0, "votes_count": 0, "locked": false, "pulse_source": "web", "validator_count": 0, "comment_count": 0, "follower_count": 0, "vote": 0, "author": { "username": "ilyailya", "id": "298851", "avatar_url": "https://otx.alienvault.com/assets/images/default-avatar.png", "is_subscribed": false, "is_following": false }, "indicator_type_counts": { "URL": 1968, "domain": 526, "FileHash-SHA256": 207, "hostname": 972, "email": 55, "FileHash-SHA1": 9, "FileHash-MD5": 4, "CVE": 2, "CIDR": 10 }, "indicator_count": 3753, "is_author": false, "is_subscribing": null, "subscriber_count": 35, "modified_text": "391 days ago ", "is_modified": true, "groups": [], "in_group": false, "threat_hunter_scannable": true, "threat_hunter_has_agents": 1, "related_indicator_type": "URL", "related_indicator_is_active": 1 }, { "id": "6536fe7706b7eeaa7ab5c271", "name": "CVE-2005-0068", "description": "A summary of the major vulnerabilities in the ICMP software, published by the Australian government on 1 January 2008.. the first such vulnerability to be identified in this year's Security Research Review (SSR).", "modified": "2023-11-28T06:04:19.908000", "created": "2023-10-23T23:15:03.507000", "tags": [ "icmp", "icmp error", "split", "files", "exploits", "targeted", "cve overview", "source quench", "path mtu", "cve20040791" ], "references": [], "public": 1, "adversary": "", "targeted_countries": [], "malware_families": [], "attack_ids": [], "industries": [], "TLP": "green", "cloned_from": null, "export_count": 26, "upvotes_count": 0, "downvotes_count": 0, "votes_count": 0, "locked": false, "pulse_source": "web", "validator_count": 0, "comment_count": 0, "follower_count": 0, "vote": 0, "author": { "username": "ellenmmm", "id": "233693", "avatar_url": "https://otx.alienvault.com/assets/images/default-avatar.png", "is_subscribed": false, "is_following": false }, "indicator_type_counts": { "CVE": 7, "URL": 1768, "hostname": 1200, "FileHash-SHA256": 6469, "domain": 2139, "email": 25, "FileHash-MD5": 1296, "FileHash-SHA1": 1287, "JA3": 2 }, "indicator_count": 14193, "is_author": false, "is_subscribing": null, "subscriber_count": 88, "modified_text": "917 days ago ", "is_modified": true, "groups": [], "in_group": false, "threat_hunter_scannable": true, "threat_hunter_has_agents": 1, "related_indicator_type": "URL", "related_indicator_is_active": 1 } ], "references": [ "", "sv.h", "GKLeaderboard.h", "invlist_inline.h", "math.h", "hv.h", "intrpvar.h", "makedefs.out", "ASAuthorizationSecurityKeyPublicKeyCredentialProvider.h", "autofs.conf", "WKContentRuleListStore.h", "krb5.h", "preauth_plugin.h", "OSKextLib.h", "parser.h", "IOBluetoothUI.h", "SwiftUI.swiftoverlay", "_endian.h", "perly.h", "al.h", "IOUSBHost.h", "ASAuthorizationPublicKeyCredentialConstants.h", "WKURLSchemeTask.h", "GCDualShockGamepad.h", "GCExtendedGamepad.h", "cop.h", "config.h", "WKScriptMessageHandler.h", "gv.h", "icmp_var.h", "LocalAuthentication.tbd", "scope.h", "ASAccountAuthenticationModificationController.h", "usbDevices.csv", "vm_pageout.h", "WKWebsiteDataRecord.h", "rpcv2.h", "GKSavedGameListener.h", "certificates.csv", "GameKit.h", "pf.os", "find.codes", "csh.login", "UNDRequest.defs", "table.h", "Admin.tbd", "CodeResources", "module.modulemap", "protocols", "patchlevel.h", "AdID.tbd", "ASAuthorizationController.h", "interfaceDetails.csv", "in_var.h", "dbixs_rev.h", "machine_remote_time.h", "GKMatchmaker.h", "capture_resize.js", "WKNavigationResponse.h", "WKNavigationAction.h", "IOUSBHostInterface.h", "ASAccountAuthenticationModificationUpgradePasswordToStrongPasswordRequest.h", "vm_map.h", "nostdio.h", "unicode_constants.h", "GCControllerButtonInput.h", "INUIAddVoiceShortcutButton.h", "ASAuthorizationPublicKeyCredentialDescriptor.h", "ASAuthorizationPublicKeyCredentialLargeBlobRegistrationInput.h", "MCPeerID.h", "pp_proto.h", "launchdaemons.txt", "bitcount.h", "GCMotion.h", "WKError.h", "group", "ASAccountAuthenticationModificationViewController.h", "in_systm.h", "MultipeerConnectivity.apinotes", "kdp_callout.h", "UNDTypes.h", "interfaceAddrs.csv", "GKAchievementDescription.h", "vecLibTypes.h", "vBasicOps.h", "GKPublicConstants.h", "GKSavedGame.h", "BUILDING", "trap.h", "GCPhysicalInputSource.h", "pmap.h", "GCTypes.h", "csh.cshrc", "GKAchievement.h", "WKWebViewConfiguration.h", "DBIXS.h", "mounts.txt", "ASSettingsHelper.h", "param.h", "GCGamepadSnapshot.h", "csh.logout", "AppSandbox.tbd", "ASAuthorizationPlatformPublicKeyCredentialAssertionRequest.h", "INUIAddVoiceShortcutViewController.h", "IOUSBHostCIEndpointStateMachine.h", "IOUSBHostPipe.h", "master.cf", "WKScriptMessageHandlerWithReply.h", "ASAuthorizationPasswordRequest.h", "GCTouchedStateInput.h", "com.apple.screensharing.agent.launchd", "GKLeaderboardSet.h", "lz4_assembly_select.h", "copyio.h", "kernel.csv", "ASAuthorizationAppleIDRequest.h", "IOBluetoothUI.tbd", "ASAuthorizationWebBrowserPlatformPublicKeyCredential.h", "ASAuthorizationWebBrowserSecurityKeyPublicKeyCredentialRegistrationRequest.h", "GKError.h", "GCRacingWheelInput.h", "GCMicroGamepadSnapshot.h", "WKURLSchemeHandler.h", "pio.h", "man.conf", "kdp_en_debugger.h", "GCControllerAxisInput.h", "INImage+IntentsUI.h", "vm_kern.h", "WebKitLegacy.h", "_types.h", "dbd_xsh.h", "GCPhysicalInputElement.h", "vecLib.h", "opcode.h", "string.h", "ASAuthorizationPublicKeyCredentialLargeBlobRegistrationOutput.h", "limits.h", "AuthenticationServices.h", "LBresearcher: msudosos notes: The campaign's use of T1110.001 (Password Guessing) is specifically tuned to exhaust credentials across SSH, MySQL, and CMS backends, effectively recruiting server infrastructure into a global \"zombie\" network.", "l1_char_class_tab.h", "bashrc_Apple_Terminal", "launchagents.txt", "GKVoiceChat.h", "GCControllerElement.h", "reg_help.h", "GCXboxGamepad.h", "ASAccountAuthenticationModificationExtensionContext.h", "in_arp.h", "time64_config.h", "XSUB.h", "WKDownload.h", "zlib.h", "perl_inc_macro.h", "GKGameSessionError.h", "WKSnapshotConfiguration.h", "TargetConditionals.h", "ASAuthorizationCredential.h", "GCGearShifterElement.h", "newsyslog.conf", "asm_help.h", "thread.h", "AFKMemoryDescriptorOptions.h", "lz4_constants.h", "TLS_LICENSE", "ip.h", "main.cf.default", "ASAuthorizationAppleIDProvider.h", "ASPasswordCredentialIdentity.h", "hook_op_check.h", "crc.h", "vm_options.h", "AuthenticationServicesCore.tbd", "ASAuthorizationWebBrowserSecurityKeyPublicKeyCredentialProvider.h", "ASPasskeyRegistrationCredential.h", "MCNearbyServiceAdvertiser.h", "GKLocalPlayer.h", "NSAttributedString.h", "battery.csv", "vutil.h", "mg.h", "tcp_fsm.h", "networks", "IOUSBHostDevice.h", "The local environment exhibits advanced telemetry suppression within specialized skim memory regions, effectively neutralizing standard DMARC validation and Microsoft-integrated defensive protocols.", "OpenAL.h", "IOBluetoothTypes.h", "perliol.h", "profile", "gettytab", "tcpip.h", "capture_0.bundle.js", "IOUSBHostControllerInterfaceHelpers.h", "vm_shared_region.h", "GKMatch.h", "embedvar.h", "ebcdic_tables.h", "desc.h", "dbi_sql.h", "kpi_ipfilter.h", "GCDeviceLight.h", "ASAuthorizationWebBrowserPlatformPublicKeyCredentialRegistrationRequest.h", "machine_cpuid.h", "ASAuthorizationPlatformPublicKeyCredentialRegistration.h", "WKUIDelegate.h", "GCProductCategories.h", "udp.h", "caching.html", "regnodes.h", "rmtab", "tcp_private.h", "arm64e-apple-ios-macabi.swiftinterface", "GCExtendedGamepadSnapshot.h", "MCAdvertiserAssistant.h", "GCSyntheticDeviceKeys.h", "ASAuthorizationOpenIDRequest.h", "APConfigurationSystem.tbd", "stddef.h", "mg_raw.h", "WKNavigation.h", "Researcher msudosos suggests the VirusTotal (Tencent HABO) behavior report may indicate a potential execution path from volatile storage at /tmp/EB93A6/996E.elf.", "lber.h", "gssapi_krb5.h", "ASAuthorizationPlatformPublicKeyCredentialProvider.h", "memory_types.h", "perl.h", "AppleUSBDescriptorParsing.h", "GameController.tbd", "auto_home", "UNDTypes.defs", "paths", "vm_far.h", "GCKeyboardInput.h", "GKGameCenterViewController.h", "keywords.h", "ASCredentialIdentityStore.h", "GCDevicePhysicalInputStateDiff.h", "ASPasskeyCredentialRequestParameters.h", "utf8.h", "krpc.h", "perl_siphash.h", "AppleFirmwareUpdate.tbd", "WKContentWorld.h", "configuring.html", "GCExtern.h", "metaconfig.h", "rc.netboot", "kexts.txt", "main.cf", "GCKeyboard.h", "GCEventViewController.h", "GKChallengeEventHandler.h", "convenience.map", "IOUSBHostCIControllerStateMachine.h", "arch.h", "MCNearbyServiceBrowser.h", "_limits.h", "ASAuthorizationWebBrowserPlatformPublicKeyCredentialAssertionRequest.h", "ASAuthorizationWebBrowserSecurityKeyPublicKeyCredentialAssertionRequest.h", "ip_icmp.h", "locks.h", "ASAuthorizationSecurityKeyPublicKeyCredentialRegistrationRequest.h", "custom_header_checks", "ASAccountAuthenticationModificationReplacePasswordWithSignInWithAppleRequest.h", "machine_kpc.h", "mounts.csv", "master.cf.proto", "GCAxis2DInput.h", "cpuid_internal.h", "in_pcb.h", "IOBluetoothObjectPushUIController.h", "AFKUser.tbd", "ldap.h", "IOPCIDevice.iig", "ASAuthorizationSingleSignOnCredential.h", "GCRelativeInput.h", "ASWebAuthenticationSessionWebBrowserSessionManager.h", "IOUSBHost.tbd", "zshrc_Apple_Terminal", "IOUSBHostCIPortStateMachine.h", "ASWebAuthenticationSession.h", "GCDirectionalGamepad.h", "in_private.h", "GCDeviceHaptics.h", "IOBluetoothPairingController.h", "generic", "GCDevicePhysicalInputState.h", "byte_order.h", "cv.h", "GKSessionError.h", "relocated", "IOPCIDevice.h", "Pivot-Ready Indicators (IOCs) Go BuildID: nGYES3pajdOmKy1i6Ghh/KO9ydOtZpXtoKtB0KHE-/iisNoniHgTbj_cV6M-uk/XmMYzkBiZs8NXMRZYTiT Telfhash: t1f303a0b3055d54e8b7f08907c7af7624cef6e0f726d078f169e278d09a72c826626874 Imphash: 9698f46495ce9401c8bcaf9a2afe1598 Vhash: 1e53f1a1b59ecb93f821c74b25d81e9f", "sipConfig.csv", "io.h", "ASPasskeyAssertionCredential.h", "auto_master", "pp.h", "GCController.h", "vDSP.h", "Obfuscation: XOR-based String Encryption (0x20)", "handy.h", "OSReturn.h", "notify.conf", "AirPlayReceiver.tbd", "GameController.h", "IOBluetoothUIUserLib.h", "ASWebAuthenticationSessionRequest.h", "mydtrace.h", "WKBackForwardListItem.h", "perlapi.h", "MapKit.tbd", "GCDualSenseAdaptiveTrigger.h", "ASFoundation.h", "GKChallengesViewController.h", "reentr.h", "rtadvd.conf", "GCMouseInput.h", "ASExtensionErrors.h", "GKEventListener.h", "machine_machdep.h", "tree.h", "OSMalloc.h", "WKDataDetectorTypes.h", "content-negotiation.html", "_mcontext.h", "ASAuthorizationProviderExtensionAuthorizationRequest.h", "bashrc", "regexp.h", "ASAuthorizationWebBrowserPlatformPublicKeyCredentialProvider.h", "Info.plist", "WKWebpagePreferences.h", "By operating through WhoisGuard-protected infrastructure and exploiting XOR 0x20 obfuscation, the adversary effectively suppresses telemetry into skim space, successfully bypassing DMARC and Microsoft-integrated trust-chain validation.", "GCInputNames.h", "GCRacingWheel.h", "OSAtomic.h", "com_err.h", "GKFriendRequestComposeViewController.h", "IOBluetoothDeviceSelectorController.h", "GCPhysicalInputProfile.h", "vm_fault.h", "command_args.json", "KerberosLogin.h", "WKContextMenuElementInfo.h", "av.h", "vm_dyld_pager.h", "IOUSBHostStream.h", "INTERN.h", "GKAchievementViewController.h", "unixish.h", "his technique allows the GoBrut/StealthWorker agent to circumvent automated revocation checks, enabling its decentralized C2 infrastructure to recruit Linux hosts via high-velocity credential exhaustion.", "GKPeerPickerController.h", "crashes.csv", "WKSecurityOrigin.h", "header_checks", "GKLeaderboardViewController.h", "encode.h", "This ELF 32-bit LSB artifact is a sophisticated GoBrut/StealthWorker agent, compiled via Golang 1.10 and stripped to obfuscate its high-velocity service-bruting logic. VirusTotal confirms a critical threat profile with 44/65 security vendors flagging the file, which leverages a unique Go BuildID (nGYES3pajdOm...) and a Telfhash (t1f303a0...) for architectural fingerprinting. The binary orchestrates decentralized Command and Control (C2) through an expansive infrastructure of 797 unique IPs and 1,834 domains", "tss.h", "ASAuthorizationSecurityKeyPublicKeyCredentialAssertion.h", "ntp.conf", "static_if.h", "ftpusers", "canvas.html", "systemInfo.csv", "access", "igmp.h", "disk_structure.txt", "WKHTTPCookieStore.h", "GCDualSenseGamepad.h", "ASAuthorizationPublicKeyCredentialParameters.h", "ASAuthorizationRequest.h", "ASCOSEConstants.h", "python3.pc", "ASAuthorizationPlatformPublicKeyCredentialRegistrationRequest.h", "WKContentRuleList.h", "MultipeerConnectivity.h", "WKPreviewActionItem.h", "tcp_seq.h", "tcp_timer.h", "ASAuthorizationPublicKeyCredentialLargeBlobAssertionOutput.h", "etcHosts.csv", "EXTERN.h", "bounce.cf.default", "GKGameSessionEventListener.h", "CredentialsCache2.h", "igmp_var.h", "GKBasePlayer.h", "AOSKit.tbd", "GCKeyCodes.h", "WKDownloadDelegate.h", "chromeExtensions.csv", "git_version.h", "GKCloudPlayer.h", "hv_func.h", "ASAuthorizationSingleSignOnRequest.h", "GKMatchmakerViewController.h", "ASPasskeyCredentialIdentity.h", "MultipeerConnectivity.tbd", "ipc_types.h", "KUNCUserNotifications.h", "gssapi.h", "popen_spawn_win32.py", "GCControllerDirectionPad.h", "ntp_opendirectory.conf", "GKTurnBasedMatch.h", "managedPolicies.csv", "GKSession.h", "ASAuthorizationPublicKeyCredentialLargeBlobAssertionInput.h", "python-3.9-embed.pc", "zshrc", "nfsproto.h", "WKScriptMessage.h", "IOUSBHostControllerInterfaceDefinitions.h", "ASPasswordCredential.h", "WebGPU.tbd", "ASAuthorizationSecurityKeyPublicKeyCredentialDescriptor.h", "master.cf.default", "ASAccountAuthenticationModificationRequest.h", "locate_plugin.h", "ASAuthorizationError.h", "sharedFolders.csv", "stdint.h", "ASPublicKeyCredentialClientData.h", "ASAuthorizationPlatformPublicKeyCredentialAssertion.h", "GKLeaderboardEntry.h", "ASWebAuthenticationSessionWebBrowserSessionHandling.h", "embed.h", "ipc_pthread_priority_types.h", "GCSwitchElement.h", "version.h", "UNDReply.defs", "ASAuthorizationAppleIDCredential.h", "LBresearcher: msudosos notes: By exploiting Root Certificate Validation Failures, the StealthWorker (GoBrut) agent ensures that its 32-bit ELF binaries bypass the automated reputation checks enforced by major cloud providers.", "GCColor.h", "warnings.h", "dosish.h", "ASAuthorizationProviderExtensionAuthorizationResult.h", "Monitor DGA Shifts: Track new domains registered through NAMECHEAP INC using the current WhoisGuard patterns to identify the next cluster before it goes active. Analyze Telfhash Clusters: Use the Telfhash (t1f303a0...) to pivot and find if the adversary has updated to 64-bit ELF or ARM architectures. Harden DMARC: Ensure your environment moves from \"p=none\" to \"p=reject\" to mitigate the internal spoofing loops exploited by this botnet's telemetry suppression.", "GCButtonElement.h", "OBEXBluetooth.h", "IOBluetooth.tbd", "types.h", "GCDirectionPadElement.h", "iperlsys.h", "WKNavigationDelegate.h", "smb.conf", "GCDevice.h", "passwd", "ASEProcessing.tbd", "xdr_subs.h", "vForce.h", "sudo_lecture", "OSvKernDSPLib.h", "user_launchagents.txt", "diskEncryption.csv", "IOUSBHostCIDeviceStateMachine.h", "endian.h", "zconf.h", "sel.h", "ip_var.h", "GCSteeringWheelElement.h", "WKPDFConfiguration.h", "IOBluetoothUtilities.h", "GKAccessPoint.h", "tcp_var.h", "fakesdio.h", "x86_64-apple-macos.swiftinterface", "Msudosos Regional Notes: While historical pivots show Russian-hosted nodes, the current dual-origin telemetry\u2014dominated by 181 United States-based endpoints\u2014strongly suggests a domestic-aligned adversary leveraging global 'grey space' to obfuscate its operational core. This massive US-centric footprint (exceeding all other regions combined) reinforces the theory of a false-flag orchestration designed to divert attribution toward foreign infrastructure while abusing legitimate Western-hosted trust chains.", "gssapi_generic.h", "IOBluetoothUserLib.h", "perlio.h", "ASAuthorizationPublicKeyCredentialRegistrationRequest.h", "Block.h", "Persistent C2 Orchestration: This ELF:Agent-VW variant serves as a critical GoBrut node, utilizing XOR 0x20 obfuscation and ICMP/HTTP beaconing to maintain a persistent link across 1,834 domains and 797 unique IPs", "perl_langinfo.h", "util.h", "ASAuthorizationSecurityKeyPublicKeyCredentialRegistration.h", "inline.h", "AuthenticationServices.apinotes", "Driver_xst.h", "GKDefines.h", "ASCredentialProviderViewController.h", "pal_routines.h", "pycore_condvar.h", "IOPCIFamilyDefinitions.h", "GCPressedStateInput.h", "time64.h", "GCControllerInput.h", "shells", "WKFoundation.h", "GKNotificationBanner.h", "python3-embed.pc", "GCKeyNames.h", "python-3.9.pc", "vm_memtag.h", "IOUSBHostIOSource.h", "OSBase.h", "overload.h", "plugin.js", "WKPreviewActionItemIdentifiers.h", "GCSwitchPositionInput.h", "GKGameSession.h", "WKUserScript.h", "LBresearcher: msudosos notes: The threat actor maintains operational longevity by rotating through WhoisGuard-protected nodes like prioritywirreles.com, which historically resolved to Russian-hosted IP space (194.61.24.231) to obfuscate its origin.", "alc.h", "applications.csv", "vm_compressor_algorithms.h", "GCAxisInput.h", "GKLeaderboardScore.h", "atomic.h", "WKPreviewElementInfo.h", "postfix-files", "OpenAL.tbd", "zaphod32_hash.h", "feature.h", "nfs.conf", "IOBluetoothPasskeyDisplay.h", "IOUSBHostObject.h", "ASAuthorizationWebBrowserExternallyAuthenticatableRequest.h", "irbrc", "GCDeviceCursor.h", "asl.conf", "atm_types.h", "bind.html", "WKFrameInfo.h", "By maintaining a hollowed root posture, the sample facilitates persistent, low-signal synchronization with external cloud infrastructure while bypassing traditional heuristic trust-chain verification.", "MCBrowserViewController.h", "uconfig.h", "xtab", "_OSByteOrder.h", "Kerberos.h", "sbox32_hash.h", "rc.common", "stdarg.h", "tcp.h", "process_list.txt", "libperl.tbd", "WKUserContentController.h", "IntentsUI.h", "OBEX.h", "ASAuthorizationPlatformPublicKeyCredentialDescriptor.h", "syslog.conf", "GCMicroGamepad.h", "WKBackForwardList.h", "x86_64-apple-ios-macabi.swiftinterface", "perlsdio.h", "vfs_support.h", "lz4.h", "launchD.csv", "oalMacOSX_OALExtensions.h", "cpu.h", "ASAuthorizationAppleIDButton.h", "custom-error.html", "GCGamepad.h", "WKPreferences.h", "mail.rc", "stdatomic.h", "transport", "ASPasswordCredentialRequest.h", "audit_ioctl.h", "ASCredentialServiceIdentifier.h", "OSTypes.h", "ASAuthorizationCustomMethod.h", "GCLinearInput.h", "GCMouse.h", "afpovertcp.cfg", "sharingPreferences.csv", "zprofile", "apfs_boot_mount.tbd", "ASAuthorizationProvider.h", "locate.rc", "GKChallenge.h", "version.plist", "ASAuthorizationPublicKeyCredentialAssertion.h", "Bluetooth.h", "manpaths", "security_status.txt", "GKTurnBasedMatchmakerViewController.h", "WebKit.apinotes", "users.csv", "ASWebAuthenticationSessionCallback.h", "IOBluetooth.h", "OSDebug.h", "arm64e-apple-macos.swiftinterface", "uudmap.h", "nfs.h", "preboot_archive_errors.log", "oalStaticBufferExtension.h", "IOUSBHostControllerInterface.h", "LDAP.tbd", "ip6.h", "GKPublicProtocols.h", "The environment leverages prioritywirreles.com as a high-fidelity DGA-derived C2 node, utilizing its historical resolution to Russian-hosted IP space (194.61.24.231) to maintain persistent Stealthworker botnet synchronization.", "WebKit.tbd", "index.html.en", "sysctl.h", "GCAxisElement.h", "mg_vtable.h", "ASAuthorizationPublicKeyCredentialAssertionRequest.h", "WKWebView.h", "aliases", "in_stat.h", "config.xml", "pf.conf", "MCError.h", "ptrauth.h", "regcomp.h", "WKWebsiteDataStore.h", "mg_data.h", "Researcher msudosos posits a strategic exploitation of Root Certificate Validation Failures, where the adversary leverages an expired trust chain to bypass heuristic security filters and establish persistence.", "virtual", "perlvars.h", "GCDevicePhysicalInput.h", "GKScore.h", "GKDialogController.h", "IntentsUI.apinotes", "bootp.h", "CredentialsCache.h", "GKPlayer.h", "WKProcessPool.h", "WKFindResult.h", "malloc_ctl.h", "_param.h", "WKWindowFeatures.h", "kern_loader.conf", "vmparam.h", "INUIEditVoiceShortcutViewController.h", "GKVoiceChatService.h", "BluetoothAssignedNumbers.h", "hv_macro.h", "op.h", "perldtrace.h", "The domain prioritywirreles.com (registered via NAMECHEAP INC) shows a 4/93 detection ratio, confirming it is a live but \"low-noise\" C2 node used to avoid broad-spectrum blacklisting", "WHOIS data anchors administrative and technical operations for prioritywirreles.com in Los Angeles, CA (90064) via Namecheap infrastructure. Following its 2020 expiration, the domain has transitioned into redemptionPeriod/pendingDelete status, signaling the formal decommissioning of this C2 asset.", "LICENSE", "monotonic.h", "op_reg_common.h", "The pivot from cd398983... to this domain confirms a multi-year campaign (2019\u20132023) utilizing Namecheap-registered infrastructure to orchestrate wide-scale T1110.001 brute-force operations while bypassing standard PKI expiration checks.", "ASAuthorizationSingleSignOnProvider.h", "ASPublicKeyCredential.h", "libkern.h", "WebDriver.tbd", "sudoers", "Primary Hash (SHA256): cd3989830da99a69380901769fd78902efb3cd8ba5c9390e94bd4333b7fad186", "ASCredentialIdentity.h", "IOBluetoothServiceBrowserController.h", "MCSession.h", "GameKit.apinotes", "PCIDriverKit.h", "profile.h", "form.h", "WKFindConfiguration.h", "if_ether.h", "OSByteOrder.h", "arm_features.inc", "ASCredentialProviderExtensionContext.h", "icmp6.h", "stdbool.h", "GKGameSessionSharingViewController.h", "pad.h", "systemControls.csv", "udp_var.h", "GCDeviceBattery.h", "uuid.h", "dbivport.h", "T1110.001 (Brute Force: Password Guessing)", "WKOpenPanelParameters.h", "rpc", "ASAuthorization.h", "ASPasskeyCredentialRequest.h", "IOUSBHostDefinitions.h", "WebKit.h", "cpuid.h", "utfebcdic.h", "ASCredentialRequest.h", "resolv.conf", "ASAuthorizationSecurityKeyPublicKeyCredentialAssertionRequest.h", "canonical", "machine_routines.h", "ttys", "main.cf.proto", "opnames.h", "ASAuthorizationPublicKeyCredentialRegistration.h", "Researcher msudosos: This activity appears to facilitate a preliminary reconnaissance phase, possibly utilizing system commands to query /proc/cpuinfo and /proc/version for architectural profiling purposes.", "ASAuthorizationWebBrowserPublicKeyCredentialManager.h", "ASAuthorizationPasswordProvider.h", "cpu_capabilities_public.h", "GCControllerTouchpad.h", "signal.h", "ASCredentialIdentityStoreState.h" ], "related": { "alienvault": { "adversary": [], "malware_families": [], "industries": [], "unique_indicators": 0 }, "other": { "adversary": [ "DragonForce Malaysia Hacker Group", "Turla Group, FIN7, APT34, APT28, DragonForce Malaysia Hacker Group, Indonesia Islamic Warriors Counc", "StealthWorker/GoBrut (The adversary demonstrates advanced telemetry suppression within specialized s" ], "malware_families": [ "Ver", "Md5 hash: f8add7e7161460ea2b1970cf4ca535bf", "Osatomic", "Lastname", "Internet", "Firstname", "Osreturn", "Malware family: stealthworker / gobrut" ], "industries": [], "unique_indicators": 59615 } } }, "false_positive": [], "alexa": "http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/Apple.com", "whois": "http://whois.domaintools.com/Apple.com", "domain": "Apple.com", "hostname": "developer.Apple.com" }, "geo": {}, "geo_ipapicom": {}, "pulse_count": 5, "pulses": [ { "id": "6995e22d28c9e9d76f0dec64", "name": "Not So Awesome Fonts", "description": "Researchers: Further review warranted on awesome fonts.", "modified": "2026-04-24T13:20:53", "created": "2026-02-18T16:00:45.725000", "tags": [], "references": [], "public": 1, "adversary": "", "targeted_countries": [], "malware_families": [], "attack_ids": [], "industries": [], "TLP": "green", "cloned_from": null, "export_count": 1, "upvotes_count": 0, "downvotes_count": 0, "votes_count": 0, "locked": false, "pulse_source": "web", "validator_count": 0, "comment_count": 0, "follower_count": 0, "vote": 0, "author": { "username": "msudosos", "id": "381696", "avatar_url": "https://otx.alienvault.com/assets/images/default-avatar.png", "is_subscribed": false, "is_following": false }, "indicator_type_counts": { "domain": 123, "FileHash-MD5": 10, "FileHash-SHA1": 12, "FileHash-SHA256": 223, "email": 5, "hostname": 223, "URL": 565, "CVE": 30, "SSLCertFingerprint": 2 }, "indicator_count": 1193, "is_author": false, "is_subscribing": null, "subscriber_count": 68, "modified_text": "39 days ago ", "is_modified": true, "groups": [], "in_group": false, "threat_hunter_scannable": true, "threat_hunter_has_agents": 1, "related_indicator_type": "URL", "related_indicator_is_active": 1 }, { "id": "6992bae83a5988dff8311490", "name": "Distributed Credential Exhaustion & C2 Orchestration via Golang-Based StealthWorker (ELF.Agent-VW)", "description": "Researcher credit: msudosos, level blue platform----\nThis artifact represents a high-integrity StealthWorker (GoBrut) botnet agent, architected as a statically linked, stripped 32-bit ELF binary to ensure cross-platform environmental independence. The sample utilizes XOR 0x20-encoded JavaScript payloads and String.fromCharCode obfuscation to mask its internal logic and bypass heuristic-based memory scanners. [User Notes] Its operational core is a multi-threaded service bruter targeting SSH, MySQL, and CMS backends, leveraging a massive infrastructure of 1,834 domains and 797 unique IPv4 endpoints for decentralized Command & Control (C2). Network telemetry confirms the use of ICMP and HTTP-based beaconing, indicating a sophisticated retry logic designed to maintain persistence across diverse network topologies. With a malicious file score of 10, this binary serves as a primary vector for large-scale credential harvesting and the subsequent integration of Linux infrastructure into global botnet clusters.", "modified": "2026-04-24T13:20:48.450000", "created": "2026-02-16T06:36:24.788000", "tags": [ "Obfuscation: XOR-based String Encryption (0x20)", "T1110.001 (Brute Force: Password Guessing)", "Primary Hash (SHA256): cd3989830da99a69380901769fd78902efb3cd8ba", "MD5 Hash: f8add7e7161460ea2b1970cf4ca535bf", "#PotentialUS-Origin_FalseFlag_Obfuscation" ], "references": [ "Primary Hash (SHA256): cd3989830da99a69380901769fd78902efb3cd8ba5c9390e94bd4333b7fad186", "Obfuscation: XOR-based String Encryption (0x20)", "T1110.001 (Brute Force: Password Guessing)", "This ELF 32-bit LSB artifact is a sophisticated GoBrut/StealthWorker agent, compiled via Golang 1.10 and stripped to obfuscate its high-velocity service-bruting logic. VirusTotal confirms a critical threat profile with 44/65 security vendors flagging the file, which leverages a unique Go BuildID (nGYES3pajdOm...) and a Telfhash (t1f303a0...) for architectural fingerprinting. The binary orchestrates decentralized Command and Control (C2) through an expansive infrastructure of 797 unique IPs and 1,834 domains", "Pivot-Ready Indicators (IOCs) Go BuildID: nGYES3pajdOmKy1i6Ghh/KO9ydOtZpXtoKtB0KHE-/iisNoniHgTbj_cV6M-uk/XmMYzkBiZs8NXMRZYTiT Telfhash: t1f303a0b3055d54e8b7f08907c7af7624cef6e0f726d078f169e278d09a72c826626874 Imphash: 9698f46495ce9401c8bcaf9a2afe1598 Vhash: 1e53f1a1b59ecb93f821c74b25d81e9f", "Researcher msudosos posits a strategic exploitation of Root Certificate Validation Failures, where the adversary leverages an expired trust chain to bypass heuristic security filters and establish persistence.", "his technique allows the GoBrut/StealthWorker agent to circumvent automated revocation checks, enabling its decentralized C2 infrastructure to recruit Linux hosts via high-velocity credential exhaustion.", "The local environment exhibits advanced telemetry suppression within specialized skim memory regions, effectively neutralizing standard DMARC validation and Microsoft-integrated defensive protocols.", "By maintaining a hollowed root posture, the sample facilitates persistent, low-signal synchronization with external cloud infrastructure while bypassing traditional heuristic trust-chain verification.", "The domain prioritywirreles.com (registered via NAMECHEAP INC) shows a 4/93 detection ratio, confirming it is a live but \"low-noise\" C2 node used to avoid broad-spectrum blacklisting", "", "The environment leverages prioritywirreles.com as a high-fidelity DGA-derived C2 node, utilizing its historical resolution to Russian-hosted IP space (194.61.24.231) to maintain persistent Stealthworker botnet synchronization.", "By operating through WhoisGuard-protected infrastructure and exploiting XOR 0x20 obfuscation, the adversary effectively suppresses telemetry into skim space, successfully bypassing DMARC and Microsoft-integrated trust-chain validation.", "The pivot from cd398983... to this domain confirms a multi-year campaign (2019\u20132023) utilizing Namecheap-registered infrastructure to orchestrate wide-scale T1110.001 brute-force operations while bypassing standard PKI expiration checks.", "LBresearcher: msudosos notes: The campaign's use of T1110.001 (Password Guessing) is specifically tuned to exhaust credentials across SSH, MySQL, and CMS backends, effectively recruiting server infrastructure into a global \"zombie\" network.", "LBresearcher: msudosos notes: The threat actor maintains operational longevity by rotating through WhoisGuard-protected nodes like prioritywirreles.com, which historically resolved to Russian-hosted IP space (194.61.24.231) to obfuscate its origin.", "LBresearcher: msudosos notes: By exploiting Root Certificate Validation Failures, the StealthWorker (GoBrut) agent ensures that its 32-bit ELF binaries bypass the automated reputation checks enforced by major cloud providers.", "Monitor DGA Shifts: Track new domains registered through NAMECHEAP INC using the current WhoisGuard patterns to identify the next cluster before it goes active. Analyze Telfhash Clusters: Use the Telfhash (t1f303a0...) to pivot and find if the adversary has updated to 64-bit ELF or ARM architectures. Harden DMARC: Ensure your environment moves from \"p=none\" to \"p=reject\" to mitigate the internal spoofing loops exploited by this botnet's telemetry suppression.", "Persistent C2 Orchestration: This ELF:Agent-VW variant serves as a critical GoBrut node, utilizing XOR 0x20 obfuscation and ICMP/HTTP beaconing to maintain a persistent link across 1,834 domains and 797 unique IPs", "Researcher msudosos: This activity appears to facilitate a preliminary reconnaissance phase, possibly utilizing system commands to query /proc/cpuinfo and /proc/version for architectural profiling purposes.", "Researcher msudosos suggests the VirusTotal (Tencent HABO) behavior report may indicate a potential execution path from volatile storage at /tmp/EB93A6/996E.elf.", "Msudosos Regional Notes: While historical pivots show Russian-hosted nodes, the current dual-origin telemetry\u2014dominated by 181 United States-based endpoints\u2014strongly suggests a domestic-aligned adversary leveraging global 'grey space' to obfuscate its operational core. This massive US-centric footprint (exceeding all other regions combined) reinforces the theory of a false-flag orchestration designed to divert attribution toward foreign infrastructure while abusing legitimate Western-hosted trust chains.", "WHOIS data anchors administrative and technical operations for prioritywirreles.com in Los Angeles, CA (90064) via Namecheap infrastructure. Following its 2020 expiration, the domain has transitioned into redemptionPeriod/pendingDelete status, signaling the formal decommissioning of this C2 asset." ], "public": 1, "adversary": "StealthWorker/GoBrut (The adversary demonstrates advanced telemetry suppression within specialized s", "targeted_countries": [], "malware_families": [ { "id": "Malware Family: StealthWorker / GoBrut", "display_name": "Malware Family: StealthWorker / GoBrut", "target": "/malware/Malware Family: StealthWorker / GoBrut" }, { "id": "MD5 Hash: f8add7e7161460ea2b1970cf4ca535bf", "display_name": "MD5 Hash: f8add7e7161460ea2b1970cf4ca535bf", "target": null } ], "attack_ids": [ { "id": "T1001", "name": "Data Obfuscation", "display_name": "T1001 - Data Obfuscation" } ], "industries": [], "TLP": "green", "cloned_from": null, "export_count": 5, "upvotes_count": 0, "downvotes_count": 0, "votes_count": 0, "locked": false, "pulse_source": "web", "validator_count": 0, "comment_count": 0, "follower_count": 0, "vote": 0, "author": { "username": "msudosos", "id": "381696", "avatar_url": "https://otx.alienvault.com/assets/images/default-avatar.png", "is_subscribed": false, "is_following": false }, "indicator_type_counts": { "FileHash-MD5": 2166, "FileHash-SHA1": 2067, "FileHash-SHA256": 3371, "domain": 13295, "URL": 6860, "email": 272, "hostname": 4705, "SSLCertFingerprint": 268, "CVE": 108, "CIDR": 6 }, "indicator_count": 33118, "is_author": false, "is_subscribing": null, "subscriber_count": 83, "modified_text": "39 days ago ", "is_modified": true, "groups": [], "in_group": false, "threat_hunter_scannable": true, "threat_hunter_has_agents": 1, "related_indicator_type": "URL", "related_indicator_is_active": 1 }, { "id": "67f5555b6ce863d998e83e26", "name": "macOS Threat Infrastructure Leveraging Remote Agents via remotewd.com and rtmsprod.net", "description": "This pulse identifies an actively observed macOS-focused remote access infrastructure abusing trusted native Apple agents (ARDAgent.app, SSMenuAgent.app) and communicating with a distributed network of C2-like endpoints under domains such as remotewd.com, idsremoteurlconnectionagent.app, and rtmsprod.net.\n\nThe infrastructure is composed of dynamically generated subdomains \u2014 many in the form of device-.remotewd.com \u2014 indicative of automated deployment, system tracking, or per-host remote access configurations.\n\nAdditional indicators include HTTP/S URLs pointing directly to embedded binary paths within macOS agents, suggesting possible delivery vectors, staging, or persistence techniques.\n\nThis campaign shows signs of structured, programmatic targeting and is highly likely to be pre-operational infrastructure for wide-scale surveillance or access operations. All listed indicators should be considered high-risk. If observed in your environment, initiate a full forensic and IR process immediately.", "modified": "2025-05-11T19:03:59.885000", "created": "2025-04-08T16:56:59.641000", "tags": [ "generated from", "do not", "edit uri", "urls", "edit", "rewriteengine", "rewritecond", "rewriterule", "r301", "xml2encalias", "beralloct", "berbvarrayadd", "berbvarrayfree", "berbvdup", "berbvecadd", "berbvecfree", "berbvfree", "berdump", "berdup", "berdupbv", "laerrordomain", "laerrornoncekey", "lamechanismtree", "lacontext", "ladomainstate", "laenvironment", "lanotification", "laprivatekey", "lapublickey", "laright", "apple swift", "o librarylevel", "combine import", "foundation", "swift import", "mcpeerid", "mcsession", "property", "copyright", "protocol", "class", "bonjour", "ascii lowercase", "abc company", "section", "bonjour txt", "note", "ui element", "utf8 encoding", "nscopying", "nsdictionary", "nsstring", "mcextern", "attribute", "mcextern extern", "mcexternweak", "nsenum", "nsinteger", "mcerrorcode", "mcerrorunknown", "mcerrortimedout", "peer", "example", "bonjour apis", "stop", "tags", "session", "nsprogress", "nserror", "nsurl", "nsarray", "create", "nsuinteger", "notifies", "mcsession api", "interface", "dbictrace", "dbivporth", "dbictracelevel", "dbdtffoo", "dbihseterrchar", "dbicstate", "dbictraceflags", "provides macros", "dbi release", "only", "sqlsuccess", "odbc", "sqlok", "tim bunce", "england", "sql cli", "sql datatype", "sqlguid", "sqlwlongvarchar", "main", "beware", "sv sth", "sv dbh", "impsth", "impdbh", "sv keysv", "sv params", "sv attr", "sv attribs", "sv drh", "void", "fri jul", "mixed", "dbixsrevision", "plsvundef", "license", "spagain", "perlioprintf", "dbiclogpio", "putback", "ireland", "gnu general", "super", "magic", "dbicflags", "dbis", "svrv", "null", "imp2com", "dbicactivekids", "dbicfiadestroy", "sv h", "dbicdbistate", "code", "copy", "refer", "trace", "error", "unknown", "hookopcheckh", "startexternc", "hookopcheckcb", "userdata", "endexternc", "isinternalbuild", "kickmcxdforuid", "loadappkit", "ardconfig", "authenticator", "dsauthenticator", "dsnode", "dsrecord", "group", "hostconfig", "apfsvolumelock", "apfsvolumerole", "aoskgetosinfo", "aoskgetuserinfo", "aosaddappleid", "aosdisablepcs", "aosenablepcs", "aoslog", "aoslogforce", "aosrelaycookie", "didfailcallback", "kaosaccountkey", "kapcsbundle", "kapcspath", "kjsonextension", "apcsbucketid", "apcsreports", "apconfiguration", "apversiondata", "apversionhelper", "systemvolumesvm", "name size", "identifier", "gb disk0s3", "devdisk3", "apfs container", "scheme", "physical store", "macintosh hd", "apfs snapshot", "preboot", "refs address", "size wired", "name", "version", "uuid", "linked against", "renderer", "helper", "chrome helper", "contains", "cloud ui", "macintosh", "khtml", "gecko", "ui helper", "plugin", "service", "good", "battery power", "apfs encryption", "jumpcloud go", "chrome web", "store", "privacy badger", "flowcrypt", "encrypt gmail", "simple", "google", "b2b phone", "number", "apollo", "future", "exccrash", "sigkill", "code signature", "invalid", "sigabrt", "protonvpn", "excguard", "excbreakpoint", "sigtrap", "excbadaccess", "appl", "english", "adobe crash", "adobe", "acrobat dcadobe", "processor", "uninstaller", "assistant", "install", "cloud", "dock", "calendar", "music", "terminal", "tips", "installer", "updater", "proton", "tools", "stub", "python", "clock", "powershell", "team", "rave scout", "cookies", "public folder", "key cert", "sign", "crl sign", "root ca", "authority", "public primary", "global root", "verisign", "academic", "premium", "adaptive", "interactive", "background", "standard", "launchd sandbox", "s mdworker", "agent", "command line", "progress", "yubico", "macos13action", "disableoverride", "disableairdrop", "denyactivation", "enable", "loginwindowtext", "jumpcloud", "autoupdate", "loggingoption", "enablefirewall", "arm64e", "apple m2", "mac142", "kjqqtw7pqt", "daemon", "server", "open directory", 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"Lastname", "display_name": "Lastname", "target": null }, { "id": "Firstname", "display_name": "Firstname", "target": null } ], "attack_ids": [ { "id": "T1040", "name": "Network Sniffing", "display_name": "T1040 - Network Sniffing" }, { "id": "T1027", "name": "Obfuscated Files or Information", "display_name": "T1027 - Obfuscated Files or Information" }, { "id": "T1056", "name": "Input Capture", "display_name": "T1056 - Input Capture" }, { "id": "T1090", "name": "Proxy", "display_name": "T1090 - Proxy" }, { "id": "T1547", "name": "Boot or Logon Autostart Execution", "display_name": "T1547 - Boot or Logon Autostart Execution" }, { "id": "T1106", "name": "Native API", "display_name": "T1106 - Native API" }, { "id": "T1176", "name": "Browser Extensions", "display_name": "T1176 - Browser Extensions" }, { "id": "T1574", "name": "Hijack Execution Flow", "display_name": "T1574 - Hijack Execution Flow" }, { "id": "T1140", "name": "Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information", "display_name": "T1140 - Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information" }, { "id": "T1071", "name": "Application Layer Protocol", "display_name": "T1071 - Application Layer Protocol" }, { "id": "T1566", "name": "Phishing", "display_name": "T1566 - Phishing" }, { "id": "T1059", "name": "Command and Scripting Interpreter", "display_name": "T1059 - Command and Scripting Interpreter" } ], "industries": [], "TLP": "white", "cloned_from": null, "export_count": 66, "upvotes_count": 0, "downvotes_count": 0, "votes_count": 0, "locked": false, "pulse_source": "web", "validator_count": 0, "comment_count": 0, "follower_count": 0, "vote": 0, "author": { "username": "ilyailya", "id": "298851", "avatar_url": "https://otx.alienvault.com/assets/images/default-avatar.png", "is_subscribed": false, "is_following": false }, "indicator_type_counts": { "hostname": 4449, "domain": 3847, "URL": 14263, "FileHash-SHA256": 2356, "FileHash-MD5": 223, "FileHash-SHA1": 523, "email": 223, "CVE": 40, "CIDR": 12, "SSLCertFingerprint": 302 }, "indicator_count": 26238, "is_author": false, "is_subscribing": null, "subscriber_count": 37, "modified_text": "386 days ago ", "is_modified": true, "groups": [], "in_group": false, "threat_hunter_scannable": true, "threat_hunter_has_agents": 1, "related_indicator_type": "URL", "related_indicator_is_active": 1 }, { "id": "67f33233092ab19b74879403", "name": "MacOS M2 Chip Infiltration: Game Center & XBOX Pod Game & Chat Server", "description": "pulse explores a variety of files, objects, and functions that could be associated with different system components, libraries, and protocols. It highlights a wide range of potential vulnerabilities that may exist in software related to system functions, APIs, data handling, and device interactions, including issues in devices like game controllers, HID devices, and platform-specific services (such as Apple and Android). The pulse references several components across different platforms (macOS, iOS, ARM architectures, and others), with a focus on low-level code, encryption libraries, system utilities, and network protocols like TCP, IP, and Bluetooth. The identified vulnerabilities could involve buffer overflows, deprecated functions, improper memory handling, and potential exploit vectors related to system security, performance, and integrity.", "modified": "2025-05-07T02:03:20.735000", "created": "2025-04-07T02:02:27.322000", "tags": [ "helper macro", "param", "param inccache", "kerberos", "ccache", "api function", "ccapi", "api version", "param ioccache", "ccacheserver", "win32", "null", "code", "win64", "error", "union", "ccapideprecated", "ccacheapi", "ccapiv2h", "apple", "export", "united", "ccache api", "cplusplus", "x8664", "typedef", "patheq", "none", "popen", "terminate", "false", "winenv", "winexe", "frozen", "winservice", "python", "posixthreads", "pyhavecondvar", "ntthreads", "vista", "pyemulatedwincv", "ntddivista", "semaphore", "pycondt", "win7", "pybuildcore", "fall", "copyright", "technology", "all rights", "reserved", "america", "government", "within that", "klprincipal", "klloginoptions", "inpassword", 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